The Great Electrification
Text: Steffan Heuer / Readingtime: approx. 20 minutesLA Goes ElectricIn 2028, the megacity of Los Angeles will host the Olympic Games. By then, it hopes to have opened a new chapter in the history of mobility by electrifying a majority of its passenger and freight transportation systems. The city plans to meet this ambitious „zero-emissions“ target through the efforts of a diverse public-private partnership.
Chapter 1 - The Great Electrification
Chapter 2 - A Vision of a Different Future
Chapter 3 - This is What Electrification Looks Like
Chapter 4 - Small Partners with Big Ideas
Chapter 5 - What the World Can Learn from LA – and What LA Can Learn from the World
Chapter 2 - A Vision of a Different Future
Chapter 3 - This is What Electrification Looks Like
Chapter 4 - Small Partners with Big Ideas
Chapter 5 - What the World Can Learn from LA – and What LA Can Learn from the World
Chapter 1The Great Electrification
Don’t be fooled by the blue skies and palm trees – Los Angeles has a serious traffic problem, and all those vehicles are emitting clouds of exhaust fumes. The metropolitan area of Southern California is thronged by more than 10 million people and nearly 8 million vehicles, 6.5 million of which are cars and over 1 million of which are trucks. The city’s freeways are notorious for their congestion, and even though locals often take detours to avoid them, this has a knock-on effect in the form of crawling traffic that incurs the wrath of local residents. Although an overwhelming majority of Angelenos voted in favor of investing around $120 billion over the next 40 years to expand public transport, ridership on L.A. Metro’s trains and buses has dropped since 2014.
The two ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach are the main entry points for US imports from the Far East, with containers transitioning from sea to road in a ceaseless round-the-clock caravan. These shipments account for almost half of local emissions, and generate high levels of fine dust pollution that affect millions of people along the freeways. The high-rises of LA and the mountain ranges surrounding the city are no longer suffocated by thick brown smog, and exhaust emissions have fallen slightly per person since 1990; at the same time, however, evidence of LA’s sustained boom can be seen in the fact that emission levels have increased overall by 16 per cent.
But the city has a plan – one that involves radically transforming its urban mobility systems and making them more sustainable. The ambitious project is called the „Zero Emissions Roadmap,“ and is intended to turn LA into a global flagship for electric mobility by the time it hosts the 2028 Olympic Games.
LA has established an alliance of private companies, startups, state and local authorities, and experts with the aim of achieving this goal. The „Transportation Electrification Partnership“ currently has 20 members, including well-known car and truck manufacturers, representatives of a state environmental authority (the California Air Resources Board), local electricity and water utilities, and small start-ups involved in pilot projects focusing on topics such as mobile charging, or the optimal use of electric scooters.
Their shared goal? To ensure that the people who arrive from all over the world in 2028 (as well as those who live there permanently) are greeted by a city that is almost totally electrified, and where passengers and freight are transported using smart networks and electric vehicles, sharing rides wherever possible. They want 100 per cent of buses and up to 45 per cent of all private cars to be powered electrically, with as many as 130,000 charging stations keeping them moving. According to their vision, freight vehicles will travel along special corridors, with electric trucks (accounting for 40 per cent of the total) having access to dedicated charging columns at container ports and along key freeways. They also intend to establish and expand a smart power grid that can reliably handle the increased demand using renewable sources such as wind and solar power.
Their shared goal? To ensure that the people who arrive from all over the world in 2028 (as well as those who live there permanently) are greeted by a city that is almost totally electrified, and where passengers and freight are transported using smart networks and electric vehicles, sharing rides wherever possible. They want 100 per cent of buses and up to 45 per cent of all private cars to be powered electrically, with as many as 130,000 charging stations keeping them moving. According to their vision, freight vehicles will travel along special corridors, with electric trucks (accounting for 40 per cent of the total) having access to dedicated charging columns at container ports and along key freeways. They also intend to establish and expand a smart power grid that can reliably handle the increased demand using renewable sources such as wind and solar power.
Although California has already enshrined ambitious climate goals in state law, LA wants to exceed these targets by a further 25 per cent overall. As Eric Garcetti, the city’s mayor, puts it: „We will make Los Angeles the most sustainable city in the world.“
A Vision of a Different Future
Chapter 2A Vision of a Different Future
The hub of this large-scale electrification project is a renovated low-rise building in an industrial park on the eastern outskirts of the city center. This is the home of the LA Cleantech Incubator (LACI), which is in charge of the partnership. Surrounded by old warehouses, in open-plan offices, coworking spaces and prototyping laboratories, several dozen startups and LACI employees spend their days here reinventing the how, what, and where of mobility and how it is powered.
Matt Petersen heads up the Incubator, building on his past successes as an eco-pioneer in the megacity. Before joining the Incubator, he served for four years as the first Los Angeles Chief Sustainability Officer and was one of the driving forces behind the Sustainable City pLAn, which outlined a recipe for sustainable urban redevelopment as early as 2015: clean technology, green jobs, and innovation galore.
„Our vision is not just about environmental sustainability, it’s also about issues of economic viability and social equity, ensuring that everyone who lives in this city benefits,“ says Petersen, explaining his ambitious goal. The municipality responds to current developments by publishing an update every four years, the latest of which – the Green New Deal – was published in April 2019. „One of the biggest challenges facing this region is zero-emissions transport, particularly to and from our two large container ports. We can only make rapid progress if we all work together.“
„Our vision is not just about environmental sustainability, it’s also about issues of economic viability and social equity, ensuring that everyone who lives in this city benefits,“ says Petersen, explaining his ambitious goal. The municipality responds to current developments by publishing an update every four years, the latest of which – the Green New Deal – was published in April 2019. „One of the biggest challenges facing this region is zero-emissions transport, particularly to and from our two large container ports. We can only make rapid progress if we all work together.“
The Olympic Games will be the perfect time for the LACI boss and everyone else involved to show the world that LA is serious about electric mobility. “Visitors arriving at LAX airport in 2028 will be able to experience the future. An electric pushback tractor will move the plane to the gate, and a zero-emissions shuttle bus or the Automated People Mover currently under construction will then transport passengers from the terminal to the exit, where there will be an electric car or electric bus waiting to take them to their final destination. The city will be quieter because there will be less engine noise. It will be easier to walk around, because there will be plenty of walkways, bikes, and other means of transport. That’s the future we’re working toward,” enthuses the urban planner from behind a pair of slim designer glasses. “The many athletes and spectators who visit for a short time will benefit from much lower levels of air pollution – but so will the locals. We want to bring about a sustainable transformation of the region.”
Petersen believes that the targets – which include compete electrification of public transport within one decade and the use of renewable energy to cover more than half of the city’s energy demand by as early as 2025 – are ambitious but thoroughly realistic.
„We’ve already done what the experts said was impossible once by reducing the city’s water consumption. With so many people working together, all of them sharing their best ideas, we can unleash tremendous innovation potential. What´s at stake here is the future of humanity, after all. We need to act because we can already see what happens when we don’t – just take air pollution as an example. It makes people sick and reduces productivity.“
„We’ve already done what the experts said was impossible once by reducing the city’s water consumption. With so many people working together, all of them sharing their best ideas, we can unleash tremendous innovation potential. What´s at stake here is the future of humanity, after all. We need to act because we can already see what happens when we don’t – just take air pollution as an example. It makes people sick and reduces productivity.“
Michelle Kinman’s job is to work out the practical details of this transformation. She directs the alliance’s operations in the three core areas of passenger transport, freight transport, and power supply.In each of these segments, the partners (more than 20 at present) set themselves targets and then come up with ways of achieving them in the real world.
„We’ve established working groups so that we can roll up our sleeves and really get down to work, with the involvement of local authorities right up to state level, industry players and car manufacturers, companies developing new types of charging infrastructure, labor organizations, and startups that we nurture here at LACI.“
When it comes to moving people, the primary goal is to convince people to get out of their cars and start using shared mobility and public transport solutions. According to Kinman, „All the different means of transport – buses, taxis, and private cars – need to be rapidly electrified. Our roadmap needs to indicate clearly how many charging stations we need to achieve this goal: 60,000, 100,000, or more? How can we expedite the process for permitting their installation, and how can we ensure that the infrastructure is interconnected and works seamlessly, regardless of where you are in the region?“
When it comes to moving people, the primary goal is to convince people to get out of their cars and start using shared mobility and public transport solutions. According to Kinman, „All the different means of transport – buses, taxis, and private cars – need to be rapidly electrified. Our roadmap needs to indicate clearly how many charging stations we need to achieve this goal: 60,000, 100,000, or more? How can we expedite the process for permitting their installation, and how can we ensure that the infrastructure is interconnected and works seamlessly, regardless of where you are in the region?“
The expert admits that cars pose the biggest challenge. „LA is famous – and infamous – for its congested roads. If we want to achieve our aggressive goals, around one third of all cars and 80 per cent of newly registered cars must be electric by 2028,“ she says, quoting the forecasts that appear in the second version of the roadmap, published in late 2019. The success of these plans depends on an extensive package of financial incentives, technical solutions, and behavioral changes among residents who currently jump into their car for even the shortest of journeys.
It will be equally difficult, if not more so, for the city to transform its freight transport systems. Almost 40 per cent of all US imports pass through the neighboring ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. Around 15,000 semis trundle down the freeways every day, transporting containers to transport hubs in the surrounding area. And that number is expected to double by 2030. The working group focusing on freight transport therefore intends to push ahead with the development of new, clean trucks and charging infrastructure; in particular, they hope by 2028 to have achieved near-complete electrification of Interstate 710, which starts at the Pacific and runs north to the urban sprawl of the city.
„We’re already working on the details and coordinating funding for pilot projects so that we can turn this freeway into a zero-emissions corridor.“ This means getting down to the nitty-gritty of which manufacturers can supply electric truck trailers, where charging stations need to be installed, and how many are needed to allow goods to flow at the speeds expected. For example, Volvo is working with the LACI Group on a project that will involve testing around two dozen electric semis in the region from 2020 onwards. The first pilot projects involving semis and container lifts powered by electricity or fuel cells have already been launched at the two port terminals.
„We’re already working on the details and coordinating funding for pilot projects so that we can turn this freeway into a zero-emissions corridor.“ This means getting down to the nitty-gritty of which manufacturers can supply electric truck trailers, where charging stations need to be installed, and how many are needed to allow goods to flow at the speeds expected. For example, Volvo is working with the LACI Group on a project that will involve testing around two dozen electric semis in the region from 2020 onwards. The first pilot projects involving semis and container lifts powered by electricity or fuel cells have already been launched at the two port terminals.
As well as electrifying heavy trucks, Kinman also wants to eliminate emissions from the last mile, which means using electric vans for short and medium distances when delivering packages to companies and private customers. The working group has a whole range of solutions in mind, including a fleet of electric vehicles for courier services making deliveries to local distribution centers, and electric bicycles or scooters collecting goods from these centers and taking them to their final destination.
Operators such as UPS, FedEx, and Amazon are already experimenting with all of these solutions in one-off projects. But Los Angeles plans to take these projects to a whole new level: at least a quarter, and ideally half of local delivery traffic is to be electric within a decade, despite the fact that the volume of online orders is expected to continue to rise. An easily manageable site such as a college campus might be the perfect location for establishing the first „Zero Emissions Zone“ to test the feasibility of deliveries of this kind.
Operators such as UPS, FedEx, and Amazon are already experimenting with all of these solutions in one-off projects. But Los Angeles plans to take these projects to a whole new level: at least a quarter, and ideally half of local delivery traffic is to be electric within a decade, despite the fact that the volume of online orders is expected to continue to rise. An easily manageable site such as a college campus might be the perfect location for establishing the first „Zero Emissions Zone“ to test the feasibility of deliveries of this kind.
This is What Electrification Looks Like
Chapter 3This is What Electrification Looks Like
LACI relies on local companies such as XOS Trucks and Chanje to ensure that their ideas are implemented in the real world within a reasonable timeframe. Both of these LA-based start-ups are concentrating their efforts on electric delivery vehicles and the special chassis, batteries, and software that need to be developed for these vehicles, and optimized to travel daily distances of 100 to 150 miles (160 to 240 km).
Small Partners with Big Ideas
Chapter 4Small Partners with Big Ideas
The 6,000-m2 LACI campus is positively bursting with ideas and experiments aimed at making the process of electrification as attractive as possible for consumers and businesses, with a total of 28 charging stations from different manufacturers installed in the parking lot, which has solar cells covering its roof.
What the World Can Learn from LA – and What LA Can Learn from the World
Chapter 5What the World Can Learn from LA – and What LA Can Learn from the World
It goes without saying that Los Angeles is not the only city trying to achieve emissions targets and introduce better and more sustainable mobility systems. Other major cities, particularly in China, are already using significantly larger fleets of electric buses, some have started banning private cars from inner-city areas , and public transport ridership rates are many times higher in other countries than in the USA.
So what can the world learn from LA? First, that it’s never too late to change, even if you’re a megaregion where there are almost as many vehicles as residents, and where driving down a freeway is not just a way of getting somewhere, but a part of the lifestyle that is enshrined in popular culture. And second, that such an ambitious project, with so many moving parts that are dependent on each other, can only be a success if as many public and private stakeholders as possible sit down together to find and come up with solutions.
So what can the world learn from LA? First, that it’s never too late to change, even if you’re a megaregion where there are almost as many vehicles as residents, and where driving down a freeway is not just a way of getting somewhere, but a part of the lifestyle that is enshrined in popular culture. And second, that such an ambitious project, with so many moving parts that are dependent on each other, can only be a success if as many public and private stakeholders as possible sit down together to find and come up with solutions.
LACI head Petersen freely admits that LA is looking to other, more progressive cities for inspiration. Cities such as Oslo, which has made huge strides forward in terms of investments and financial incentives for doing away with the internal combustion engine. Or London, which has introduced an inner-city congestion charge – a move that Los Angeles is also considering.
Hagen Radowski, the former president and CEO of consulting firm MHP Americas and the new CEO of Porsche Consulting in the U.S.A, applauds for LA’s efforts, and believes that they are ambitious but feasible. „The key requirement is a solid, modern infrastructure – in other words, a resilient network with a smart power grid and as much computing power as possible at the edges. That’s the foundation you need for an electrified smart city,“ says Radowski.
At the same time, however, he believes that we should not expect too much too soon. „Let’s take autonomous driving as an example; there’s been a lot of hype about it, but a sober assessment of the situation shows that we still have a long way to go.“ And so he is skeptical about the likelihood of all the targets being achieved with a decade or so, as planned. „I think it’s more likely to be 20 years out. But the rest of the world will be watching carefully. Cities have long been aware of the need to transform their transport and infrastructure systems. What they need is a master plan that sets clear goals and gives key metrics that all the parties involved can use as a guide.“
At the same time, however, he believes that we should not expect too much too soon. „Let’s take autonomous driving as an example; there’s been a lot of hype about it, but a sober assessment of the situation shows that we still have a long way to go.“ And so he is skeptical about the likelihood of all the targets being achieved with a decade or so, as planned. „I think it’s more likely to be 20 years out. But the rest of the world will be watching carefully. Cities have long been aware of the need to transform their transport and infrastructure systems. What they need is a master plan that sets clear goals and gives key metrics that all the parties involved can use as a guide.“
Tobias Hoffmeister, President and CEO of Atlanta-based consulting firm MHP Americas, believes that the city’s plans are promising, but he highlights the importance of expanding the power grid: “The current grid was not designed to allow a million people to suddenly switch to electric cars. It would collapse.” In Hoffmeister’s view, aiming for at least one third of private vehicles to be electric is not realistic either. “Not all parts of the transport sector necessarily need to switch to electricity to improve the eco-balance. It is a transitional solution on the way to fuel cells.” Hoffmeister also points out that American culture still revolves around cars, with factors such as cars being a status symbol and low gasoline prices having a major impact on purchasing decisions.
However, he does believe that a huge city like LA could quickly take the lead in the fields of mobile cybersecurity and public transport. “Electrifying the entire public transport fleet can send an important signal. And why not offer trips at a very cheap rate or even free of charge? If you combine price advantages with a comfortable experience on the bus or train, more people would quickly start using these services.” Hoffmeister also mentions the fact that an intelligently networked transport system must be designed from the ground up to be secure. Any city able to develop a solution that is protected from hackers could provide the model for other cities, from China to Europe.
The Los Angeles roadmap is a good example, since it can be used by other cities as a basis for planning the wholesale transformation of their transportation systems and making it actually happen in a relatively short space of time. According to Petersen, “We’ve been approached by Houston, the center of America’s oil and gas industry. They want to know the best way to set up a private-public partnership. All cities are facing the same challenges. The State of New Jersey has also been in touch.”
Michelle Kinman, too, also believes that LA’s electrification roadmap will serve as inspiration for other communities. “I can only encourage other cities to assemble a group of proactive partners that can sit down together and come up with practical solutions.”
In her opinion, an alliance of this kind is the only realistic way for a megaregion like LA to transform itself in under a decade. A transformation that involves replacilacingng the smog and the long lines of trucks belching out exhaust fumes on permanently chronically congested freeways with quiet buses, zero-emission vans, and educating residents to who choose electric bikes or electric taxis over their own cars. “We have a one-in-a-lifetime opportunity, and we’re not going to waste it!”
Michelle Kinman, too, also believes that LA’s electrification roadmap will serve as inspiration for other communities. “I can only encourage other cities to assemble a group of proactive partners that can sit down together and come up with practical solutions.”
In her opinion, an alliance of this kind is the only realistic way for a megaregion like LA to transform itself in under a decade. A transformation that involves replacilacingng the smog and the long lines of trucks belching out exhaust fumes on permanently chronically congested freeways with quiet buses, zero-emission vans, and educating residents to who choose electric bikes or electric taxis over their own cars. “We have a one-in-a-lifetime opportunity, and we’re not going to waste it!”
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XOS Trucks
XOS Trucks employs around 40 people at a site near Burbank Airport; it manufactures battery modules and is already installing them into a limited number of UPS delivery vans and Loomis cash-in-transit vehicles. According to Giordano Sordoni, company founder and CEO, the custom-designed vehicles come from a plant in Tennessee. „We don’t just want to build better batteries and software that can withstand more than the batteries in electric cars; we want to act as a partner for logistics companies, to make their transition from diesel to electric as easy and painlessl as possible.“
Sordoni does not believe that it will be possible to electrify the entire supply chain in the near future. But he is quite sure that electric propulsion makes a lot of sense in economic and ecological terms for medium and short distances.
„We’re talking about the kind of vehicles that follow a precisely defined route, have a payload of around ten tons, and can be parked and charged every evening. Fleet operators won’t choose us because they want to be green – they’ll choose us because they want to save money on fuel and maintenance.“ Provided that the initial tests involving a handful of vans are a success, XOS plans to deploy several hundred of its vehicles in LA starting from 2020.
For the entrepreneur Sordoni, the mobility revolution happening in his home city is not just a question of business – it’s very much a personal matter. „I grew up in San Fernando Valley and was in and out of hospital as a kid because of asthma attacks. At school, we often had to spend recess indoors because the air outside was so bad.“ Many thousands of people have similar stories. Seven out of ten people in LA live a mile or less from a freeway, and freight transport is responsible for 45 per cent of emissions in California. „We have a unique opportunity to reduce air pollution in this region, and to find solutions for the rest of the world in the process. The Olympic Games are an added incentive!“
Chanje
The company Chanje develops proprietary logistics solutions for short and medium distances, and its operations are based within a stone’s throw of SpaceX’s rocket factory in Hawthorne, a town long famous for its associations with the aerospace industry. Chanje’s 8.20-meter electric minivan has a capacity of just under three tons, and a range of about 100 miles. Jayanthi believes that this makes it the ideal delivery vehicle for metropolitan areas like LA: “Southern California is a key market for last-mile deliveries, for the simple reason that lots of customers are crammed into a small area. You also have to take into account the exponential growth of e-commerce, and the fact that consumers expect fast home delivery.”
The challenge is to deliver more and more packages to more and more people, and Chanje wants to help. The company is offering not just a van but a comprehensive fleet solution with overhead charging stations, and has already signed contracts for several thousand vehicles with major customers such as FedEx and Ryder. „We’re talking about 50 logistics centers with 50 vans each. Our infrastructure will ensure that they are ready to hit the road every morning,“ Jayanthi explains. „Using electric mobility solutions for short journeys is not only good news for the environment – it also saves fleet operators money.“
The company’s collaboration with LACI goes further than pilot projects involving deliveries. It has also proposed using its vans as mobile charging stations. By transporting powerful batteries around the city, the electric vans could fill gaps in the charging infrastructure for passenger cars and other commercial vehicles, or cover peaks in demand until the work needed to expand the network in and around LA work has been completed.
The company’s collaboration with LACI goes further than pilot projects involving deliveries. It has also proposed using its vans as mobile charging stations. By transporting powerful batteries around the city, the electric vans could fill gaps in the charging infrastructure for passenger cars and other commercial vehicles, or cover peaks in demand until the work needed to expand the network in and around LA work has been completed.
LA Metro
LA Metro has set itself the goal of electrifying its entire fleet of 2,240 buses by 2028. It will set the ball rolling with two bus rapid transit (BRT) routes, which will be used exclusively by electric buses from next year. The local authority has ordered around 100 vehicles from two different manufacturers: New Flyer and BYD.
Buses are not a major means of transport in Los Angeles,” explains Steve Schupak, Electric Vehicle Program Manager at LA Metro,„but we act as a catalyst for action elsewhere. People are watching what we do and copying it.“
Today he is dressed in a safety helmet and orange vest as he carries out an inspection of the North Hollywood bus station, where charging stations for Orange Line buses have just been installed. These buses travel a route that winds its way through the entire region and carry 47,000 passengers a day, making them the busiest in the city. From next year, the buses will take a 10-minute break when they reach the end of the line in North Hollywood so that they can charge their batteries for the next 25-kilometer trip.
The outcome of the experiments on the Orange and Silver Lines will determine LA Metro’s future course of action. „We still don’t know all the answers when it comes to electric buses,“ admits the urban transport expert. The fleet is currently fueled exclusively using natural gas, and one tank of this gas is enough for 600 km, or 23 hours of continuous use. Electrification means that everything will need to be recalculated.
MOEV
The startup MOEV, which was spun out of a UCLA research project, wants to impose some kind of order on the technical chaos of electrification.
The software developed by MOEV can be used to manage charging stations so that they are all utilized equally. Its charging columns also function as smart multi-plug chargers, allowing four electric vehicles to share a single column
The software developed by MOEV can be used to manage charging stations so that they are all utilized equally. Its charging columns also function as smart multi-plug chargers, allowing four electric vehicles to share a single column
„Everyone benefits from smart charging,“ says Michael Boehm, the cofounder of MOEV.
„Energy suppliers benefit because there are fewer spikes in demand and because less hardware needs to be installed locally, the building manager benefits because they can save money by distributing peak loads more effectively between vehicle charging and other things like air conditioning, and drivers benefit because they can rely on finding a free charger. What we’re trying out here at LACI can act as a model for similar operations all over California.“
Perch
In the purple container from the startup Perch dozens of electric scooters can be charged simultaneously. Tom Schreiber, founder and CEO, wants to make micromobility more sustainable.
„Scooters are really popular in LA, and vitally important for a zero-emissions future. But it’s not very green if people have to collect the scooters that have been used and then drive half-way across the city to recharge them at home.“
„Scooters are really popular in LA, and vitally important for a zero-emissions future. But it’s not very green if people have to collect the scooters that have been used and then drive half-way across the city to recharge them at home.“
That’s why Schreiber has started installing purple containers at selected locations in the city. They are divided into compartments full of power sockets that can be rented on an hourly or daily basis. Electric scooter operations can reserve a compartment using the company’s app, and then park their empty scooters in it. Three of these containers are already in use, and three more are planned. Schreiber is pleased with his achievements; „It’s one more way to get people out of their cars.“
FreeWire
The startup FreeWire wants to bring its fast charging solution directly to customers in the megacity. As the name suggest, Mobi is a mobile charger that serves as a quick and easy replacement for stationary power sources and polluting generators.
The cart is slightly larger than a shopping trolley and contains a complete battery, like those installed in electric cars.
Mobi can be used in company car parks when the existing charging columns are occupied, for example. According to Ethan Sprague, a FreeWire´s VP of Sales, „It’s the ideal solution to a problem we’re all familiar with: someone parks their car first thing in the morning and blocks the charging station all day. This way I can park my EV no matter what and the charging station will come to me.“
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LA Goes Electric
The Great Electrification
The ambitious project is called the „Zero Emissions Roadmap,“ and is intended to turn LA into a global flagship for electric mobility by the time it hosts the 2028 Olympic Games.
„We will make Los Angeles the most sustainable city in the world.“
A Vision of a Different Future
In each of these segments, the partners (more than 20 at present) set themselves targets and then come up with ways of achieving them in the real world.
This is What Electrification Looks Like
Small Partners with Big Ideas
What the World Can Learn from LA – and What LA Can Learn from the World
Discover more:
XOS Trucks
But he is quite sure that electric propulsion makes a lot of sense in economic and ecological terms for medium and short distances.
Chanje
LA Metro
„but we act as a catalyst for action elsewhere. People are watching what we do and copying it.“
MOEV
„Everyone benefits from smart charging,“ says Michael Boehm, the cofounder of MOEV.
Perch
FreeWire
The cart is slightly larger than a shopping trolley and contains a complete battery, like those installed in electric cars.